疫情对全球公共财政的影响
发布时间：2020-07-06 11:59
ICAEW近期发布一份财政洞察报告，聚焦疫情肆虐对英国和全球公共财政所造成的影响。全球经济正经历严重衰退，这给全球公共财政带来了严重后果。整个经济产业被全面叫停，各地政府大举借债以筹措资金，进行大规模的财政干预，从而减轻疫情带来的损失。
报告中的要点包括：
全球经济衰退，世界各地的公共财政遭遇冲击
对全球贸易、经济发展和税收收入造成严重影响
政府为救企业、保就业进行大规模的财政干预
大规模发放国债，给子孙后代造成负担。
英国财政状况发生巨变
预计公共支出将首次超过1万亿英镑
财政赤字接近3000亿英镑，净负债从1.8万亿英镑升至超过2.2万亿英镑
重建公共财政极具挑战性
可持续的公共投资将是推动经济复苏的关键
一个长期的财政策略对于修复公共财政至关重要
ICAEW公共部门总监Alison Ring 表示：
“仅仅几个月的时间，疫情就已经颠覆了我们的生活状态，无论是其对健康的危害还是对经济的影响。政府叫停了所有产业，限制个人行动也对经济活动的许多其他方面产生了不利影响。经济正经历严重的衰退。这给英国和全球的公共财政带来的后果是非常严重的。”
“在这个困难时期, 为个人和企业提供财政支持的干预措施很受欢迎，但如今税收锐减，这些措施却大大增加了公共开支。在许多国家（包括英国），公共财政已经背负了高额债务、以及持续增长的医疗、社会保障和养老金开支，而自金融危机以来长达10年的紧缩也给公共服务带来了压力。”
“政府作为最后一道保障承担了重要责任，不仅要在这个非常时期减少经济损失，还要在封锁结束后重建经济。各国政府制定长期财政策略，使其公共财政走上可持续发展的道路，这一点将比以往任何时候都更为重要。
ICAEW publishes Fiscal Insight on
coronavirus and the public finances
ICAEW published a Fiscal Insight on the effect the coronavirus pandemic is having on public finances around the world and in the UK. The global economy is experiencing a major recession with severe consequences for public finances around the world. Whole sectors of the economy have been closed down, while governments have borrowed heavily to finance large-scale fiscal interventions in order to mitigate the damage.
Key points in the Fiscal Insight include:
A global recession, damaging public finances around the world
Severe impact on trade, prosperity and tax receipts across the entire planet
Large-scale fiscal interventions by governments seeking to preserve businesses and jobs
A massive expansion in public debt to burden future generations
A dramatic transformation in the UK’s fiscal position
Public spending expected to exceed £1tn for the first time
Fiscal deficit approaching £300bn, with net debt rising from £1.8tn to in excess of £2.2tn
Rebuilding the public finances will be challenging
Sustainable public investment will be key to driving the economic recovery
A long-term fiscal strategy is essential to repairing public finances
Alison Ring, Director, Public Sector comments in the Fiscal Insight as follows：
“In only a couple of months our lives have been turned upside down by the coronavirus pandemic, both from the risks to health and from the impact on the economy. Whole industries have been closed down by government order, while restrictions on individual movements have adversely affected many other aspects of economic activity. A severe recession is underway. The consequences for public finances around the world and in the UK are extraordinary. ”
“Interventions to support individuals and businesses financially through this difficult time are extremely welcome, but they are increasing public spending substantially just as tax revenues collapse. In many countries – including the UK – public finances are already burdened by high levels of debt, rising costs for health, social care and pensions, while public services are under pressure following a decade of austerity since the financial crisis.”
“As the insurer of last resort, governments have a major part to play both in minimising the economic damage during this emergency, as well as in rebuilding the economy after the lockdown ends. It will be more important than ever for governments to develop long-term fiscal strategies to put their public finances onto a sustainable path.”